Read the most frequently asked 53 top Earth Science multiple choice questions and answers PDF for freshers and experienced. Earth Science objective questions and answers pdf download free..
Earth Science Multiple Choice Questions and Answers PDF Experienced Freshers
1. Which will most likely form when a steep mountain stream flows abruptly onto a flat plain:
1. delta
2. alluvial fan
3. braided stream
4. mid-channel bar
Answer: 2
2. When, in the geologic column, did dinosaurs become extinct:
1. at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary
2. at the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary
3. at the Triassic-Jurassic boundary
4. at the Permian-Triassic boundary
Answer: 1
3. When, in the geological time scale, did dinosaurs first appear:
1. Jurassic
2. Triassic
3. Cretaceous
4. Tertiary
Answer: 2
4. These clouds are named for their smooth, round, lens-like shape and commonly form over mountains:
1. lenticular
2. contrails
3. stratocumulus
4. mackerel
Answer: 1
5. It is estimated that the temperature of the Earths core is:
1. as hot as the surface of the sun
2. much hotter than the surface of the sun
3. much cooler than the surface of the sun
4. it cannot be estimated
Answer: 1
6. Which of the following would give the best indication of how a rock was formed:
1. structure and color
2. mineralogy and texture
3. structure and weight
4. shape and size
Answer: 2
7. In determining the distance of an earthquake to its epicenter, which of the following is the most useful tool:
1. intensity of P-wave
2. intensity of S-wave
3. difference in intensity between P and S-waves
4. time interval between P-wave and S-wave arrival
Answer: 4
8. Which of the following is primarily involved in the movement of a glacier:
1. running water
2. ambient temperature
3. topology
4. gravity
Answer: 4
9. Of the following, which are clouds formed at the highest altitude:
1. altocumulus
2. altostratus
3. cirrocumulus
4. nimbostratus
Answer: 3
10. The Arctic Circle lies at which of the following latitudes:
1. 66 ½oNorth
2. 90oNorth
3. 66 ½oSouth
4. 90oSouth
Answer: 3
11. The Fujita Scale is used to classify intensities of:
1. hurricanes
2. tornadoes
3. earthquakes
4. volcanic eruptions
Answer: B
12. The ability of rock or soil to transmit water is called its:
1. permeability
2. porosity
3. viscosity
4. wetability
Answer: A
13. Which of the following is NOT likely to have been formed by glaciers:
1. arete
2. hanging valley
3. fjord
4. dike
Answer: D
14. A glacier that has neither advanced nor retreated for many years deposits which of the following:
1. terminal moraine
2. end moraine
3. ground moraine
4. medial moraine
Answer: B
15. A high pressure center is associated with what kind of weather:
1. warm and dry
2. warm and wet
3. cool and dry
4. cool and wet
Answer: C
16. Which is the best reason for proposing that a boulder lying in an area that was once glaciated is an erratic:
1. it is of a different composition than the underlying rock
2. it is rounded and worn
3. it is larger than any surrounding rocks
4. it is located near a glacial lake
Answer: A
17. Which of the following latitudes and dates would coincide with the longest duration of insolation:
1. 23 ½oSouth on September 21
2. 50oNorth on June 21
3. 50oSouth on March 21
4. 0oon June 21
Answer: B
18. A famous downslope wind that occurs in North America on the East side of the Rocky Mountains is called a:
1. sirocco
2. mistral
3. foehn
4. chinook
Answer: D
19. A tropical storm will be declared a hurricane when:
1. there is evidence of eye formation
2. wind speeds reach 64 mph
3. wind gusts are in excess of 74 mph
4. there is evidence of eye formation and sustained wind speeds of 74 mph
Answer: D
20. Which is NOT true about the concentration of methane gas in the atmosphere:
1. it is generated by biological activity related to rice cultivation
2. it is generated as a byproduct of the digestive processes of cattle
3. it is generated as a byproduct of refrigerants and aerosols
4. it has an atmospheric lifetime of about 10 years
Answer: C
21. What is the name for a roughly circular coral reef enclosing a shallow lagoon:
1. barrier reef
2. fringing reef
3. shallow reef
4. atoll
Answer: D
22. The physical property used in mineral identification for the way a minerals surface reflects light is called:
1. streak
2. polish
3. refractivity
4. luster
Answer: D
23. A low-gradient stream would most likely form a:
1. V-shaped valley
2. waterfall
3. meander
4. straight channel
Answer: C
24. The angle of insolation on the Earth’s surface is most direct at which latitude:
1. 0o
2. 90oNorth or South
3. 66 ½oNorth or South
4. 23 ½oNorth or South
Answer: A
25. Ground depressions in areas of Karst topography are called:
1. kettles
2. grabens
3. sinkholes
4. cirques
Answer: C
26. Steep-sided volcanoes such as Mounts Rainier, Hood, and Fuji, are examples of what kind of volcanoes:
1. stratovolcanoes
2. tephra cone volcanoes
3. shield volcanoes
4. tower volcanoes
Answer: A
27. Which of the following minerals best illustrates the property of cleavage:
1. quartz
2. chrysotite
3. pyrite
4. mica
Answer: D
28. Which of the following is an example of a metamorphic rock:
1. gneiss
2. granite
3. sandstone
4. limestone
Answer: A
29. Order the following minerals from the hardest to the softest:
Topaz; Corundum; Quartz; Fluorite
Answer: Corundum; Topaz; Quartz; Fluorite
30. In what layer of the Earths atmosphere does most of our weather occur?
Troposphere
31. Name 2 places on earth where continental glaciers exist:
Antarctica And Greenland
32. This mineral has the nickname "bloodstone" because it gives a deep red color on a streak test. What is its chemical formula?
Fe2O3
33. During which equinoxes are day and night of equal length around the world:
Autumnal And Vernal Equinoxes
34. Magma that reached the Earths surface is called:
Lava
35. On the day of the summer solstice in the Southern Hemisphere, the sun can be seen directly overhead at what location around the globe?
Tropic Of Capricorn
36. A solid compound whose internal structural pattern is expressed as plane faces that can be seen with the unaided eye is generally known as a:
Crystal
37. What is the name for the margin where two plates in the lithosphere slide past each other?
Transform Fault Margins
38. As glaciers erode the surface over which they move, sets of parallel linear grooves are sometime worn into the rock surface. These grooves are called:
Striations
39. What common type of paper contains substantial amounts of corundum and magnetite?
Sand Paper
40. What is the only common mineral to be strongly magnetic other than magnetite:
Pyrrhotite
41. Which equinox marks the moment when fall begins in the Northern Hemisphere?
Autumnal Equinox
42. Give the common name of the historic mineral that was the original source of radium and the first substance in which helium was discovered on earth:
Pitchblende
43. The name of this mineral is derived from the Latin word which means "to flow". One of its major uses is as a flux to help melt iron ore. What is its name?
Fluorite
44. What is the name given to the region of the Earths mantle located from about 75 to 300 kilometers below the surface, where rocks have little strength?
Asthenosphere
45. What is the term for groundwater emerging naturally at the ground surface, where the water table intersects the surface:
Spring
46. What is the professional name for the person who studies fossils?
Paleontologist
47. What is the upper surface of the saturated zone of groundwater called:
The Water Table
48. What kind of rocks are formed by the lithification of sediments:
Sedimentary Rocks
49. What is the fossilized resin of ancient trees which forms through the natural polymerization of sap:
Amber
50. What is the common name for the test that gives the hardness of the material by the size of an indent left in it by a standard steel ball?
The Brinell Test
51. What are the names of the tides that occur when the suns tidal bulges and the moons tidal bulges are at right angles to each other?
Neap Tides
52. A limestone cave that is open to the sky or whose roof has collapsed is now called a:
Sinkhole
53. In 1962, Harry Hess at Princeton University hypothesized that the topography of the seafloor could be explained if the seafloor were moving sideways away from the oceanic ridge. This came to be called the Hess hypothesis of:
Seafloor Spreading
Earth Science Multiple Choice Questions and Answers PDF Experienced Freshers
1. delta
2. alluvial fan
3. braided stream
4. mid-channel bar
Answer: 2
2. When, in the geologic column, did dinosaurs become extinct:
1. at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary
2. at the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary
3. at the Triassic-Jurassic boundary
4. at the Permian-Triassic boundary
Answer: 1
3. When, in the geological time scale, did dinosaurs first appear:
1. Jurassic
2. Triassic
3. Cretaceous
4. Tertiary
Answer: 2
4. These clouds are named for their smooth, round, lens-like shape and commonly form over mountains:
1. lenticular
2. contrails
3. stratocumulus
4. mackerel
Answer: 1
5. It is estimated that the temperature of the Earths core is:
1. as hot as the surface of the sun
2. much hotter than the surface of the sun
3. much cooler than the surface of the sun
4. it cannot be estimated
Answer: 1
6. Which of the following would give the best indication of how a rock was formed:
1. structure and color
2. mineralogy and texture
3. structure and weight
4. shape and size
Answer: 2
7. In determining the distance of an earthquake to its epicenter, which of the following is the most useful tool:
1. intensity of P-wave
2. intensity of S-wave
3. difference in intensity between P and S-waves
4. time interval between P-wave and S-wave arrival
Answer: 4
8. Which of the following is primarily involved in the movement of a glacier:
1. running water
2. ambient temperature
3. topology
4. gravity
Answer: 4
9. Of the following, which are clouds formed at the highest altitude:
1. altocumulus
2. altostratus
3. cirrocumulus
4. nimbostratus
Answer: 3
10. The Arctic Circle lies at which of the following latitudes:
1. 66 ½oNorth
2. 90oNorth
3. 66 ½oSouth
4. 90oSouth
Answer: 3
11. The Fujita Scale is used to classify intensities of:
1. hurricanes
2. tornadoes
3. earthquakes
4. volcanic eruptions
Answer: B
12. The ability of rock or soil to transmit water is called its:
1. permeability
2. porosity
3. viscosity
4. wetability
Answer: A
13. Which of the following is NOT likely to have been formed by glaciers:
1. arete
2. hanging valley
3. fjord
4. dike
Answer: D
14. A glacier that has neither advanced nor retreated for many years deposits which of the following:
1. terminal moraine
2. end moraine
3. ground moraine
4. medial moraine
Answer: B
15. A high pressure center is associated with what kind of weather:
1. warm and dry
2. warm and wet
3. cool and dry
4. cool and wet
Answer: C
16. Which is the best reason for proposing that a boulder lying in an area that was once glaciated is an erratic:
1. it is of a different composition than the underlying rock
2. it is rounded and worn
3. it is larger than any surrounding rocks
4. it is located near a glacial lake
Answer: A
17. Which of the following latitudes and dates would coincide with the longest duration of insolation:
1. 23 ½oSouth on September 21
2. 50oNorth on June 21
3. 50oSouth on March 21
4. 0oon June 21
Answer: B
18. A famous downslope wind that occurs in North America on the East side of the Rocky Mountains is called a:
1. sirocco
2. mistral
3. foehn
4. chinook
Answer: D
19. A tropical storm will be declared a hurricane when:
1. there is evidence of eye formation
2. wind speeds reach 64 mph
3. wind gusts are in excess of 74 mph
4. there is evidence of eye formation and sustained wind speeds of 74 mph
Answer: D
20. Which is NOT true about the concentration of methane gas in the atmosphere:
1. it is generated by biological activity related to rice cultivation
2. it is generated as a byproduct of the digestive processes of cattle
3. it is generated as a byproduct of refrigerants and aerosols
4. it has an atmospheric lifetime of about 10 years
Answer: C
21. What is the name for a roughly circular coral reef enclosing a shallow lagoon:
1. barrier reef
2. fringing reef
3. shallow reef
4. atoll
Answer: D
22. The physical property used in mineral identification for the way a minerals surface reflects light is called:
1. streak
2. polish
3. refractivity
4. luster
Answer: D
23. A low-gradient stream would most likely form a:
1. V-shaped valley
2. waterfall
3. meander
4. straight channel
Answer: C
24. The angle of insolation on the Earth’s surface is most direct at which latitude:
1. 0o
2. 90oNorth or South
3. 66 ½oNorth or South
4. 23 ½oNorth or South
Answer: A
25. Ground depressions in areas of Karst topography are called:
1. kettles
2. grabens
3. sinkholes
4. cirques
Answer: C
26. Steep-sided volcanoes such as Mounts Rainier, Hood, and Fuji, are examples of what kind of volcanoes:
1. stratovolcanoes
2. tephra cone volcanoes
3. shield volcanoes
4. tower volcanoes
Answer: A
27. Which of the following minerals best illustrates the property of cleavage:
1. quartz
2. chrysotite
3. pyrite
4. mica
Answer: D
28. Which of the following is an example of a metamorphic rock:
1. gneiss
2. granite
3. sandstone
4. limestone
Answer: A
29. Order the following minerals from the hardest to the softest:
Topaz; Corundum; Quartz; Fluorite
Answer: Corundum; Topaz; Quartz; Fluorite
30. In what layer of the Earths atmosphere does most of our weather occur?
Troposphere
31. Name 2 places on earth where continental glaciers exist:
Antarctica And Greenland
32. This mineral has the nickname "bloodstone" because it gives a deep red color on a streak test. What is its chemical formula?
Fe2O3
33. During which equinoxes are day and night of equal length around the world:
Autumnal And Vernal Equinoxes
34. Magma that reached the Earths surface is called:
Lava
35. On the day of the summer solstice in the Southern Hemisphere, the sun can be seen directly overhead at what location around the globe?
Tropic Of Capricorn
36. A solid compound whose internal structural pattern is expressed as plane faces that can be seen with the unaided eye is generally known as a:
Crystal
37. What is the name for the margin where two plates in the lithosphere slide past each other?
Transform Fault Margins
38. As glaciers erode the surface over which they move, sets of parallel linear grooves are sometime worn into the rock surface. These grooves are called:
Striations
39. What common type of paper contains substantial amounts of corundum and magnetite?
Sand Paper
40. What is the only common mineral to be strongly magnetic other than magnetite:
Pyrrhotite
41. Which equinox marks the moment when fall begins in the Northern Hemisphere?
Autumnal Equinox
42. Give the common name of the historic mineral that was the original source of radium and the first substance in which helium was discovered on earth:
Pitchblende
43. The name of this mineral is derived from the Latin word which means "to flow". One of its major uses is as a flux to help melt iron ore. What is its name?
Fluorite
44. What is the name given to the region of the Earths mantle located from about 75 to 300 kilometers below the surface, where rocks have little strength?
Asthenosphere
45. What is the term for groundwater emerging naturally at the ground surface, where the water table intersects the surface:
Spring
46. What is the professional name for the person who studies fossils?
Paleontologist
47. What is the upper surface of the saturated zone of groundwater called:
The Water Table
48. What kind of rocks are formed by the lithification of sediments:
Sedimentary Rocks
49. What is the fossilized resin of ancient trees which forms through the natural polymerization of sap:
Amber
50. What is the common name for the test that gives the hardness of the material by the size of an indent left in it by a standard steel ball?
The Brinell Test
51. What are the names of the tides that occur when the suns tidal bulges and the moons tidal bulges are at right angles to each other?
Neap Tides
52. A limestone cave that is open to the sky or whose roof has collapsed is now called a:
Sinkhole
53. In 1962, Harry Hess at Princeton University hypothesized that the topography of the seafloor could be explained if the seafloor were moving sideways away from the oceanic ridge. This came to be called the Hess hypothesis of:
Seafloor Spreading
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